diff --git a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.c b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.c
index 0f6603aa844..4cd2d285bb8 100644
--- a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.c
+++ b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.c
@@ -938,6 +938,7 @@ zink_shader_create(struct zink_screen *screen, struct nir_shader *nir,
    bool have_psiz = false;
 
    ret->programs = _mesa_pointer_set_create(NULL);
+   simple_mtx_init(&ret->lock, mtx_plain);
 
    nir_variable_mode indirect_derefs_modes = nir_var_function_temp;
    if (nir->info.stage == MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL ||
@@ -1140,6 +1141,7 @@ zink_shader_tcs_create(struct zink_context *ctx, struct zink_shader *vs)
    unsigned vertices_per_patch = ctx->gfx_pipeline_state.vertices_per_patch;
    struct zink_shader *ret = CALLOC_STRUCT(zink_shader);
    ret->programs = _mesa_pointer_set_create(NULL);
+   simple_mtx_init(&ret->lock, mtx_plain);
 
    nir_shader *nir = nir_shader_create(NULL, MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL, &zink_screen(ctx->base.screen)->nir_options, NULL);
    nir_function *fn = nir_function_create(nir, "main");
diff --git a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.h b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.h
index 94f4ffe158e..855fc1ea277 100644
--- a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.h
+++ b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_compiler.h
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ struct zink_shader {
    unsigned num_texel_buffers;
    uint32_t ubos_used; // bitfield of which ubo indices are used
    uint32_t ssbos_used; // bitfield of which ssbo indices are used
+
+   simple_mtx_t lock;
    struct set *programs;
 
    union {
diff --git a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_program.c b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_program.c
index de3f1eaacc9..13b118c9f29 100644
--- a/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_program.c
+++ b/src/gallium/drivers/zink/zink_program.c
@@ -460,7 +460,9 @@ zink_create_gfx_program(struct zink_context *ctx,
    _mesa_sha1_init(&sctx);
    for (int i = 0; i < ZINK_SHADER_COUNT; ++i) {
       if (prog->modules[i]) {
+         simple_mtx_lock(&prog->shaders[i]->lock);
          _mesa_set_add(prog->shaders[i]->programs, prog);
+         simple_mtx_unlock(&prog->shaders[i]->lock);
          zink_gfx_program_reference(screen, NULL, prog);
          _mesa_sha1_update(&sctx, prog->shaders[i]->base.sha1, sizeof(prog->shaders[i]->base.sha1));
       }